November 8

November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining.

Events

1500-1899

• 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great pomp as would befit a returning god.
• 1520 - Stockholm Bloodbath begins: A successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the execution of around 100 persons.
• 1576 - Eighty Years' War: Pacification of Ghent - The States-General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose Spanish occupation.
• 1602 - The Bodleian Library at Oxford University is opened to the public.
• 1620 - The Battle of White Mountain, the first battle in the Thirty Years' War, takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
• 1793 - In Paris, the French Revolutionary government opens the Louvre to the public as a museum.
• 1837 - Formation of Mount Holyoke Seminary, first US college founded for women
• 1861 - American Civil War: The "Trent Affair" – The USS San Jacinto stops the United Kingdom mailship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.
• 1864 - U.S. presidential election, 1864: Abraham Lincoln is reelected in an overwhelming victory over George McClellan.
• 1889 - Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state.
• 1892 - U.S. presidential election, 1892: Grover Cleveland is elected over Benjamin Harrison and James B. Weaver to win the second of his non-consecutive terms.
• 1895 - While experimenting with electricity Wilhelm Röntgen discovers x-rays.

1900-1999

• 1923 - Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government.
• 1932 - U.S. presidential election, 1932: Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory.
• 1933 - Great Depression: New Deal - US President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed.
• 1935 - A dozen labor leaders come together to announce the creation of the Congress for Industrial Organization (CIO), an organization charged with pushing the cause for industrial unionism.
• 1935 - Fernand Bouisson becomes Prime Minister of France
• 1937 - The Nazi exhibition Der ewige Jude ("the eternal Jew") opens in Munich.
• 1939 - Venlo Incident: Two British agents of SIS are captured by the Germans.
• 1939 - In Munich, Adolf Hitler narrowly escapes an assassination attempt while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.
• 1942 - World War II: Operation Torch - United States and United Kingdom forces land in French North Africa.
• 1950 - Korean War: United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft dog fight in history.
• 1960 - U.S. presidential election, 1960: John F. Kennedy is elected over Richard M. Nixon, becoming the youngest man elected to that office.
• 1965 - The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands.
• 1965 - The soap opera Days of Our Lives debuts on NBC in the United States.
• 1966 - Former Massachusetts Attorney General Edward Brooke becomes the first African American elected to the United States Senate.
• 1973 - The right ear of John Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay 2.9 million USD.
• 1974 - In Salt Lake City, Utah, Carol DaRonch narrowly escapes abduction by serial killer Ted Bundy.
• 1987 - Enniskillen massacre : In Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, an Irish Republican Army bomb explodes, at a ceremony honoring Britain's war dead, killing eleven people.
• 1988 - U.S. presidential election, 1988: George H. W. Bush is elected over Michael Dukakis.
• 1991 - Sonny Bono is elected to the U.S. Congress; at the same time, Marion Barry is reelected mayor of Washington, D.C..
• 1994 - For the first time in 40 years the United States Republican Party takes control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate in midterm congressional elections.
• 1997 - US president Bill Clinton speaks at a dinner sponsored by the Human Rights Campaign, the USA's largest gay rights organisation.
• 1997 - A newborn baby is found at a toilet in Walt Disney World's "Magic Kingdom"; the mother remains unknown.

2000-2099

• 2002 - Iraq disarmament crisis: UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".
• 2004 - War in Iraq: More than 10,000 U.S. troops and a small number of Iraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.

Births

1-1899

• 35 - Nerva, Roman emperor
• 1622 - Charles X Gustav, king of Sweden
• 1656 - Edmond Halley, British astronomer, mathematician (birthday according to the Gregorian calendar)
• 1836 - Milton Bradley, manufacturer, lithographer, game maker (d. 1911)
• 1847 - Bram Stoker, Irish novelist (Dracula) (d. 1912)
• 1848 - Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and logician
• 1866 - Herbert Austin, automobile pioneer (Austin-Healey)
• 1868 - Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (d. 1942)
• 1883 - Arnold Bax, composer
• 1884 - Hermann Rorschach, psychiatrist
• 1893 - Clarence Williams, American jazz pianist and composer (d. 1965)
• 1896 - Bucky Harris, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1977)
• 1898 - Marie Prevost, actress (d. 1937)

1900-1999

• 1900 - Margaret Mitchell, American author (d. 1949)
• 1900 - Charlie Paddock, American athlete
• 1904 - Cedric Belfrage writer, socialist
• 1907 - Katharine Hepburn actress (d. 2003)
• 1908 - Martha Gellhorn, American writer and journalist (d. 1998)
• 1914 - Norman Lloyd , actor
• 1918 - Hermann Zapf, German designer
• 1919 - P.L. Deshpande, Indian author
• 1920 - Esther Rolle, actress (d. 1998)
• 1922 - Christiaan Barnard, South African heart surgeon
• 1927 - Patti Page, singer
• 1927 - Nguyen Khanh, Prime Minister of South Vietnam
• 1927/1929 - Lal Krishna Advani, Indian politician
• 1931 - Morley Safer, journalist
• 1931 - Darla Hood, actress (d. 1979)
• 1935 - Alain Delon, actor
• 1949 - Bonnie Raitt, American singer
• 1953 - Alfre Woodard, actress
• 1954 - Jeanette McGruder, musician (P Funk)
• 1954 - Rickie Lee Jones, singer, composer
• 1967 - Courtney Thorne-Smith, actress
• 1968 - Parker Posey, actress
• 1968 - Zara Whites, Dutch porn actress

2000-2099

• 2000 - Madison Poer, actress
• 2000 - Marissa Poer, actress
• 2003 - Lady Louise Windsor, daughter of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex

Deaths

• 911 - Louis the Child, last Carolingian ruler of the East Franks
• 955 - Pope Agapetus II
• 1226 - Louis VIII of France (b. 1187)
• 1308 - Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher
• 1674 - John Milton, English poet (b. 1608)
• 1719 - Michel Rolle, mathematician (b. 1652)
• 1887 - Doc Holliday, American gambler and gunfighter (b. 1851)
• 1890 - César Franck, Belgian composer and organist
• 1917 - Colin Blythe, Kent and England left arm spinner (b. 1879)
• 1945 - August von Mackensen, German Field Marshal (b. 1849)
• 1953 - John van Melle, Dutch/South African author
• 1977 - Bucky Harris, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1896)
• 1978 - Norman Rockwell, American illustrator
• 1986 - Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet politician
• 1990 - Anya Seton, American author
• 1998 - Rumer Godden, novelist
• 1998 - Jean Marais, actor
• 2002 - Rudolf Noelte , theatre director
• 2002 - Jost Schillemeit , literature researcher

Holidays and observances

External links

• BBC: On This Day

November 7 - November 9 - October 8 - December 8 -- listing of all dates