On-Board Diagnostic systems are in most cars and light trucks on the road today. During the '70s and early 1980's manufacturers started using electronic means to control engine functions and diagnose engine problems. This was primarily to meet EPA emission standards. Through the years on-board diagnostic systems have become more sophisticated. OBD-II, a new standard introduced in the mid-'90s, provides almost complete engine control and also monitors parts of the chassis, body and accessory devices, as well as the diagnostic control network of the car.
Vehicles manufacturers were required to switch their vehicles diagnostic ports to OBD-II in 1996, therefore many 95 year models had proprietary OBD connections.
In Europe the EOBD (European On-Board Diagnostics) system was mandated by European Directive 98/69/EC for all petrol vehicles made from 1 January 2001. It is similar to the American OBDII standard. In Japan, the JOBD system is used.
