The Toyota T series is a family of straight-4 automobile engines manufactured by Toyota. It began as an OHV design, but a chain-driven DOHC variant was later added. It was the 4T-GTE variant of this engine that allowed Toyota to win the World Rally Championship in the early 1990s, making it the first Japanese manufacturer to do so.
T
The first T engines displaced 1.4 L (1407 cc) and were produced from 1970 through 1979. This was the basic 2-valve OHV design. Cylinder bore was 80 mm (3.15 in) and stroke was 70 mm (2.76 in).
Output was 86 hp (64 kW) at 6000 RPM and 85 ft·lbf (115 N·m) at 3800 RPM. The more-powerful twin-carburetor T-B was also produced for the first six years.
2T
The larger 1.6 L (1588 cc) 2T was also produced, starting in 1970 and lasting through 1984. Cylinder bore was 85 mm (3.35 in) and stroke was 70 mm (2.76 in). It was also a 2-valve OHV engine.
Output for the basic version was 75-100 hp (56-75 kW) at 5200 RPM and 87-99 ft.lbf (117-134 Nm) at 3600 RPM. The twin-carb 2T-B produced 90-105 hp (67-78 kW) and 85-102 ft·lbf (115-138 N·m). California emissions dropped output to 75 hp (56 kW) and 83 ft·lbf (112 N·m).
Applications:
2T-G
The 2T-G, produced from 1970 through 1983, was the DOHC version. Output was 110-125 hp (82-93 kW) and 105-109 ft·lbf (142-147 N·m). Variants included the air-injected 2T-GR, Japan-spec 2T-GU, and fuel injected 2T-GEU.
3T
The 3T displaced 1.8 L (1770 cc) and was produced from 1977 through 1985. Cylinder bore was 85 mm (3.35 in) and stroke was 78 mm (3.7 in). It was a 2-valve OHV engine.
Output ranged from 70-105 hp (52-78 kW) and 93-120 ft·lbf (126-162 N·m) between the California 3T-C and Japan-spec fuel injected 3T-EU.
3T-GTE
The production homologation model of the WRC-winning 4T-GTE was this engine, the 3T-GTE. It featured a twin-spark (two spark plugs per cylinder) design and was turbocharged to generate 160 hp (119 kW) at 6000 RPM and 152 ft·lbf (206 N·m) at 4800 RPM.
4T-GTE
This was the race-only version of the T family which powered Toyota's Group B and World Rally Championship cars. As the name implies, it was a high-performance DOHC turbo motor with fuel injection.
12T
The 1.6 L (1588 cc) 12T-U was produced from 1970 through 1983. Cylinder bore was 85 mm (3.35 in) and stroke was 70 mm (2.76 in). It was a 2-valve OHV and produced 88 hp (66 kW) at 5600 RPM and 96 ft·lbf (130 N·m) at 3400 RPM.
13T
The 1.8 L (1770 cc) 13T-U was produced from 1977 through 1982. Cylinder bore was 85 mm (3.35 in) and stroke was 78 mm (3.7 in). It was a 2-valve OHV and produced 95 hp (71 kW) at 5400 RPM and 109 ft·lbf (147 N·m) at 3400 RPM.
See also
